Andreas Bang Leed
PhD Fellow in Economics, Aarhus University · Head of Data Science, Oxford Global Projects
I measure what others leave to guesswork, from the cost and risk of large infrastructure projects to the price of nature. My doctoral research in economics at Aarhus University concerns how to choose the right projects and make the best use of public resources, including how to measure and value nature. Since 2019 I have advised governments, multilateral organisations and consultancies in more than 25 countries on the likely final cost, duration and risk of major projects. For the Hong Kong Development Bureau I helped build an AI early-warning system that monitors its public-works portfolio. I am co-author of How to Measure Anything in Project Management (Wiley, 2025).
Experience
PhD Fellow in Economics
Research on how to choose the right projects and make the best use of public resources. One strand examines how noise in cost and benefit estimates affects which projects are selected and how the selected projects perform against those estimates. Another estimates how the ecological quality of nearby nature is reflected in Danish house prices, so that nature can be valued in cost-benefit analysis.
External Examiner
Head of Data Science
Lead the data science team, which produces cost and schedule forecasts, quantitative risk analysis and AI-based early warning of cost overrun and delay for major projects worldwide. Clients include governments, multilateral organisations and consultancies.
Business Analyst & Consultant
Strategy and analytics consulting for public and private sector clients in Denmark.
Research Assistant
Supported research on megaproject management and performance.
Research Assistant
Education
PhD in Economics
MSc in Political Science
BSc in Political Science
Teaching
Cost-Benefit Analysis in the Public Sector
Design and teach a master's-level course on cost-benefit analysis for public-sector decisions.
Selected impact
UK transport appraisal. Authored analysis for the UK Department for Transport that informed appraisal guidance shaping how billions of pounds of public investment are assessed.
Hong Kong early warning. Helped build the Project Supervision System, an AI early-warning system that monitors Hong Kong's public-works portfolio and flags projects drifting towards cost overrun or delay early enough to act.
Global advisory. Advised governments, multilateral organisations and consultancies across six continents, on projects from nuclear energy and transport to renewable power, artificial intelligence and biodiversity.
Publications and working papers
Selected talks
Concept Symposium
“Measuring What Matters”. The talk presented measurement as the reduction of uncertainty in project decisions and reviewed the evidence on which project methods improve outcomes, with an example from my current research on the value of biodiversity. Hosted by the Norwegian Ministry of Finance and organised by the Concept Research Programme at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU).
Danish Environmental Economics Conference
“The Price of Biodiversity: Hedonic Evidence from Danish Housing Markets”. Results from my current research on what homebuyers pay for the ecological quality of nearby nature, presented in the biodiversity session organised by the Danish Economic Councils (De Økonomiske Råd).
Folkemødet
“Megaprojekter i Danmark – hvor gode er vi egentlig?” (megaprojects in Denmark: how good are we really?). Panel debate with directors from By & Havn, Metroselskabet and Region Sjælland at Denmark's annual democracy festival.
Ledelseskonferencen
“Evidensbaseret ledelse: Sådan måler du det, der betyder noget” (evidence-based management: how to measure what matters). Public-sector leadership conference.
Project Controls Expo
“How to Measure Anything in Project Management”.
Machine Learning Week Europe
“Guarding Public Works Projects with an Early Warning System for the Hong Kong Development Bureau”.
Full list on the speaking page.
Expertise
A fuller account of roles, clients and research is on the About page. Publications with links are on the Publications page. Last updated September 2026.